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Ensor, Kura Te Whiria by Natalie Smith Biography Kura Ensor was an Auckland-based Māori fashion entrepreneur who was part of a renaissance in Māori-influenced design during the 1970s. She ran a successful nationwide fashion business, selling garments which often incorporated Māori names, motifs and patterns. She was a role model for Māori women in business and was dedicated to serving her community. Her best-known dress, 'Tania', was worn by Whetū Tirikātene-Sullivan when she greeted the Māori Land March on the steps of Parliament in October 1975.

Early years Kura Te Whiria Davis was born at Manunui, a small sawmilling settlement near Taumarunui, on 24 February 1925, the daughter of Violet Moeroa Wilkinson and her husband, Robert Tiopira Davis. Violet was the daughter of Te Hinu Ellen Cribb and George Te Paoro Wilkinson, a Māori Land Court agent affiliated to Waikato-Tainui, while Robert was descended from the rangatira Hiria Tiopira of Iwi Tapu. Davis was a bushman and later worked as a fisherman. His family are affiliated with the Dargaville-based Iwi Tapu, and have a connection to Tāne Mahuta, the largest kauri tree in New Zealand, the atua of the forests and birds, and the son of Ranginui and Papatūānuku.

Kura spent her early years on Maniaiti Marae (Wallace Pā) in Manunui. She was the elder sister of three boys, of whom only one, Raymond (Chick), survived to adulthood. Like many women of her generation she was introduced to sewing by her mother, and began making her own clothes, as well as clothing for family and friends, at a young age.

When Kura was young the Davis family moved to Thames, where they lived by the beach. Kura attended the local primary school and Thames High School, where she took typing, business and professional courses, while maintaining an interest in fashion through her domestic dressmaking activities. After high school she held a number of office jobs.

Marriage and motherhood Kura married Donald (Don) Henry Ensor, a butcher she had met at high school, in Hamilton on 31 December 1946. The couple had eloped, because Don's parents, Sidney and Elizabeth Ensor, did not approve of their son marrying a Māori woman. Sidney was the mayor of Thames from 1931 to 1959, and came from a prominent Pākehā family with a long association with the district. To prove her parents-in-law wrong, Kura worked hard to forge a career for herself, and to be a strong role model for Māori women. Kura and Don's only child, Sydney, was born in 1948.

In about 1951 the family moved to Auckland, settling in Grey Lynn. Kura worked in the office of Coca Cola until around 1952, when she took up an office position at Matheson Minster, a menswear manufacturer where her mother Violet worked on the sewing machines. Don worked for a butcher in Greenlane until 1963, when he opened his own butchery, KuraDon, in View Road, Glenfield. Kura helped run the shop, and studied pattern drafting while raising Sydney. She later shared her passion for fashion with Sydney, encouraging him to complete the same course. In the late 1960s the couple relocated the business to Hurstmere Road, Takapuna, operating under the name Don's Meats. Kura's name was removed from the business to avoid confusion with her growing fashion activities. The family settled in Northcote.

Fashion, fundraising and community From a spare room in their Northcote home, Ensor began making clothing for her maternal cousins; her mother was the eldest of 14 children, so she had a large extended family to design for. She began moving towards a career in fashion, a natural fit for someone who was very glamorous and turned heads wherever she went; she did some modelling work and was a member of the New Zealand Modelling Association. She was a member of the Māori Women's Welfare League, and helped fundraise for it by hosting fashion parades, which were popular in New Zealand in the 1960s and 1970s. Sydney photographed these events.

Kura's designs incorporated Māori motifs and patterns, and she intended them to raise the profile of Māori design. When she compèred a fundraising fashion parade for the Arahina branch of the Māori Women's Welfare League in 1969, she wore a white crêpe dress with a deep V-back and a pāua buckle, with the sleeves trimmed with rows of pāua shell which she had cut and polished. In acknowledgement of her fundraising work, and her promotion of Māori design, the Arahina branch made her an honorary member.

Gay Forties Limited Kura established her own fashion label, Gay Forties Limited, after compèring an Easter fashion event at the Chateau Tongariro in 1969, where the dress she designed and wore was widely admired. Gay Forties was a small business, based initially in her Northcote home and later in a retail space in the Coachman Travel Lodge, Takapuna, where she employed three women to help her at peak times. In 1974 she moved to a new retail space in Hurstmere 70 Arcade, Takapuna, opposite Don's Meats. Ensor had clients throughout New Zealand and also sold her designs from Paris Boutique, a retail outlet on Norfolk Island. In 1974 she travelled to Norfolk Island to compère a fashion parade at the South Pacific Hotel, with proceeds going to the local Wives and Mothers Club. The Norfolk Islander newspaper described Kura as a lively and entertaining compère, who was generous in sharing the story of her entry into the fashion business.

The name of her business captures the essence of her design practice: creating stylish garments for older, fuller-figured women. Ensor had attended Pierre Cardin fashion parades in Auckland and noted that there was little stylish fashion for women over 40 like herself. Boutique culture was flourishing in New Zealand, as it was overseas, but the garments sold in these stores and featured in fashion parades were aimed at young women. Advertisements indicate that she created garments in the standard women's dress sizes, 10 to 18, in addition to offering a made-to-measure service for women who could not find a garment in the range they liked.

She specialised in making evening wear and what was known as 'patio' and 'hostess wear' and appreciated that the kaftan style provided a flattering silhouette for the fuller-figured woman. She also admired the Coco Chanel staple 'little black dress', which she designed in a range of styles. Looking to Paris as the leader in fashion styles was conventional practice for New Zealand designers at this time. At the same time, the development of Māori modernism by prominent artists such as Ralph Hōtere and Para Matchitt, and the Māori renaissance of the 1970s which fostered a stronger commitment to biculturalism, was translated into fashion through the incorporation of traditional Māori motifs. During the 1970s the national costume worn by New Zealand representatives at the Miss World pageant shifted from traditional Māori garments to a fusion of European-inspired high fashion with elements of Māori design. There was also demand for garments that reflected New Zealand's heritage from women who were travelling overseas.

Kura celebrated Māori design by incorporating Māori motifs into her fabrics, with embellishments, and by giving her garments Māori names. A 1974 advertisement depicts the Gay Forties label nestled within a koru design. A black crêpe dress included in the 1969 fundraising parade was embroidered with small poi and worn with a tāniko headband. That same year the Māori Women's Welfare League sponsored two entries in the Benson and Hedges Fashion Design Awards. Kura entered the day and evening wear sections, choosing Māori names for her designs, Aotearoa and Marama. Aotearoa, a cream wool garment with pāua-shell trim, was taken to London and displayed at New Zealand House as part of a New Zealand Wool Board promotion.

An iconic black wool gown named 'Tania' caught the attention of the MP Whetu Tirikatene-Sullivan when she saw it in the 1973 Cameo New Zealand Fashion Showcase. She purchased it, and later described it as a 'prize in my wardrobe'.1 The gown featured a bare shoulder in the Cameo Fashion Showcase parade, but Tirikatene-Sullivan wore it with a black fabric sleeve. The gown was inspired by the shape of a Māori cloak and featured a screen-printed panel with a kōwhaiwhai motif in red, black and white. In her choice of dress when welcoming the Land March, Tirikatene-Sullivan signalled her support for the marchers and for the development of Māori fashion design. For Ensor, the gown embodied her desire to promote Māori identity and act as a role model for Māori women. To have the gown worn by a trailblazing Māori MP to greet another prominent wāhine, Dame Whina Cooper, was a career highlight for Kura.

'Tania' had a number of other notable outings: it was worn by Miss New Zealand, Pam King, at a Wool Board fundraising parade, and was part of a parade of gowns showcasing New Zealand wools at the Sydney Opera House in 1974. While it was widely reported that it was viewed by representatives of Vogue Paris and photographed for the February 1975 issue, the garment does not appear in this edition. The origin of this story, and whether the gown appeared in any international publications, remains a mystery.

Life after designing Ensor retired the Gay Forties label in the mid-1970s; it was a small business and did not have the turnover required to justify a retail outlet in Takapuna. She continued to make wedding dresses and commissioned designer pieces from her home until the early 1990s when the couple returned to Thames to care for Don's mother and his brother Milton. Ensor died in Thames on 18 January 2015, aged 89; Donald had died in 2006.

Thank you to Sindy Ensor for her help in telling Kura's story.

Footnotes Correspondence, Whetu Tirikatene-Sullivan to Jason Ensor, 18 October 2010, quoted on Polished Paua website. Back Links and sources Bibliography Hammonds, L, D. Lloyd Jenkins, & C. Regnault. The dress circle: New Zealand fashion design since 1940. Auckland, 2010

How to cite this page: Natalie Smith. 'Ensor, Kura Te Whiria', Dictionary of New Zealand Biography, first published in 2022. Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, https://teara.govt.nz/en/biographies/6a3/ensor-kura-te-whiria (accessed 1 October 2023)

All text licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 New Zealand Licence ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/nz/deed.en). Commercial re-use may be allowed on request. All non-text content is subject to specific conditions. © Crown Copyright.

1. From the economics standpoint, to what extent would you agree or disagree with the saying: "The best things in life are free"? Please apply the principles of economics to prepare your answers. I think this statement is moderately correct because it identifies the significance of asset distribution in preserving an effective economy. The 2007 downturn exposed that when anybody halted expenditure, it had a ripple consequence. If persons abstain from spending, it indicates that somebody on the receiving conclusion does not obtain any funds. Consequently, the quantity of existing earnings in the economy declines, potentially leading to a self-fulfilling prophecy of a collapse. This, in turn, results in corporation closures and abandoned window-shops, initiating a wave effect throughout the economy. A prime instance of this can be witnessed in Queen Street, Auckland, which was once energetic with activity and fascinated people for a day out. Conversely, it has now converted into a desolate town with abundant vacant shops and intensified crime rates, specifically during evenings when there are insufficient people around. Unfortunately, the non-existence of attractiveness to draw consumers into the metropolitan further aggravates the circumstances for the remaining enterprises. Notwithstanding projections of New Zealand entering a downturn because of COVID-19, it has not come into existence, apart from the short-lived recession while the virus was in full swing in 2020. But since then, the predicted recessions have never occurred. Nonetheless, there is an international cost of living catastrophe, directing people to move towards inexpensive food brands or momentarily forgo certain acquisitions. Conversely, where feasible, human beings continue to spend. It is fundamental for currency to keep moving to endure the economy.

2. Given that the COVID-19 pandemic has slowed down the global economy, the macroeconomic consequences of COVID-19 on New Zealand's economy are significant. Please answer the two following questions.

a. Explain clearly how the global COVID-19 pandemic has affected New Zealand's three main macroeconomic indicators such as real GDP, employment, and inflation.

As the world recovers from the COVID-19 pandemic, there are still prolonged consequences on the global market, predominantly in the form of inflation within New Zealand and internationally. This level of price increases has not been seen since the 1970s. COVID-19 triggered this inflation as the globe closed, preceding shortages and complications in relocating products from one place to an alternative. Pettinger (2022) argued that numerous establishments had only adequate stock to endure their constraints, and when they were able to resurrect, the pressure went up, but the capacity to get stock became problematic due to the shortfall in freightage. This shortfall caused the cost of transportation to go up, which had a flow-on consequence and was passed on to the customer. These surges can be seen transversely throughout all segments of the business.

Armantier (2021) argues that it was primarily intriguing to catalogue Covid-19 as either deflationary or inflationary. Inadequate purchaser requirements for travel, entertainment, or leisure and hospitality, and a presented monetary slowdown might have been presumed to put descending pressure on price increases. Only the 10th time since 1957 had there been a decline in the month-over-month core prices Nevertheless, some may have anticipated source chain disturbances triggered by Covid-related shutdowns, and the rising levels of régime debt, putting an upward burden on forthcoming inflation. It has also been implied that homes tend to relate worsening economic consequences with superior future inflation.

According to Pettinger (2022), during the Covid lockdowns, patrons developed more risk-averse behaviours and diminished their expenditure, subsequent in a definite expansion in personal savings. With constrained possibilities for expenditure while at home, numerous families were able to conserve a considerable expanse of money throughout this period. Nonetheless, when the economy and civilization regenerated, these accrued savings led to a stream in demand and a durable economic recovery, which in turn ran to hurried job growth. Conversely, anticipated allocation constraints, this abrupt expansion in demand established bottlenecks and triggered prices to rise, supporting the US inflation rate extending over 8%.

Cassidy (2020) argues that the COVID-19 pandemic has had significant and unprecedented impacts on the labour market in the United States in just under two months. In response to the virus, governments at all levels have taken measures to halt economic activity in many sectors. This economic shutdown had an immediate effect on employment, causing the unemployment rate to soar from a near-record low of 3.5 per cent in February 2020 to 14.7 per cent by April 2020. This level of unemployment hasn't been seen since the Great Depression.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, many enterprise sectors, such as tourism, took the hibernation approach to see them through the challenging times. Due to the terminated borders, there was an inadequate opportunity for vacationers to visit the territory, which required organizations to either pivot their core organization or go into hibernation, resulting in a loss of jobs.

As enterprises came out of COVID-19, many tried to rehire their former personnel, but countless numbers of them had already moved on to other industries. This was apparent with Air New Zealand, which struggled to ramp up quickly to meet the demand, causing delays in call centres and airports, as there weren't enough trained human resources available to keep up with the demand.

Habibi (2022) argues the COVID-19 plague has had a substantial impact on the worldwide economy. Due to the international termination of borders, it has become progressively challenging to find a means of transporting goods and populations across countries, causing a decrease in the manufacture and fabrication of merchandise. According to statistics, he states the globe's GDP has weakened by 2%, with expanding nations suffering a reduction of 2.5% and manufacturing and industrial countries undergoing a decrease of 1.8% The virus has spread rapidly, causing many countries to close their borders, resulting in a significant reduction in international trade, immigration, and tourism. To contain the spread of the virus, many countries have implemented isolation policies, leading to massive job losses in the service, tourism, and transportation sectors. The manufacturing industry has also been affected, causing unemployment, and the demand and supply mechanisms have been negatively impacted COVID-19 has affected the global economy by making it harder to transport goods and people across countries. World GDP has declined by 2%, with developing countries experiencing a reduction of 2.5% and industrial and developed countries experiencing a reduction of 1.8%.

b. Identify and explain two policies that the New Zealand government has implemented to improve the three macroeconomic indicators mentioned in part a. Make a recommendation based on your analysis as to what the government can best do to promote economic growth, increase employment, and control inflation.

One of the main purposes of the innovative National lead coalition agreement between the National, New Zealand First and the Act party is to enhance the New Zealand economy and bring it back to its previous grandeur. This will be accomplished through numerous approaches, incorporating reducing back on the unnecessary bureaucracy that commerce and persons face whilst trying to realise their objectives. The rural populations are the heart and soul of New Zealand, and the administration will decrease and abolish the red tape while employed with the segment to decrease emissions, not against them. The administration will also lift the ban on GE and GM products to advance invention, advancement, and expansion within the sector. (Unknown. 2022)

The regime is conducting engagement to concentrate on the deficiency of the workforce in diverse sectors by concentrating on training the forthcoming generation. Presently, there is a hindrance in the New Zealand schooling sector as many learners are either not attending the institute or not attaining the demanded skill level for their future. Only 20% of year 8 students accomplish New Zealand specifications in science, and there is a considerable gap in the education system across all subjects. To overcome this, schools will have to demonstrate an hour a day on core group subjects such as reading, writing, and maths, and provide consistent improvement intelligence to parents. Partnership between schools and parents is fundamental in constructing the impending workforce generations. To address the present occupation shortfall, the administration will execute a smarter approach to appeal to the best and most intelligent talent in New Zealand to help strengthen, create, and modernise several divisions. (Unknown, 2022)

To increase economic expansion in New Zealand, the authorities should concentrate on migration. New immigrants can bring in new competencies, proficiencies, and pieces of knowledge, which can help tackle the country's current deficiency of skilled workers and enhance manufacturing. This, in turn, can have an optimistic influence on New Zealand's GDP.

According to Gray Gibson from Newhub (2024), a survey was organized on a group of 1990 inhabitants. Out of the respondents, two-thirds held the belief that the new national administration would make it more challenging for people to get ahead, provided the ongoing cost of living crisis. According to the narrator, persons are at present more concerned about their employment and the happiness of their loved ones. It is purported that the overturning of employment adjustments without requesting input from the community implies that the New Zealand authority is discounting the public's interests.

Discuss the positive and negative impacts of labour unions on wages and the unemployment rate. Provide at least two examples to show your work.

I was once a member of a retail union, and there are many benefits to being a part of one. Unions support workers in case of bureau problems and advocate for employees' rights. The communal tone of voice of all union associates yields them more negotiating power and if their demands aren't met, they can strike as an assembly. According to the BLS, union personnel receive 83% beyond than non-union human resources. Although union involvement is decreasing, some territories still have a robust union existence, which advantages both unionized personnel and establishments with non-union jobs that are induced to reinforce their salaries to compete for personnel. According to Josephson (2023), unions play a central role in enabling dispute solutions for the labour force, mutually among themselves and with the administration. With recognised procedures in place, any wage earner can advance grievances notwithstanding their standing.

Unions can destructively influence businesses as they might course constraint the supply of labour by restricting the integer of available human resources for a profession to command a higher wage. This may result in an elevated salary for those who are in employment, but it may lead to joblessness for those who are not. The non-working workers who are inclined to work but cannot intersect with the skill level required by the business may suffer as well to meet the wage demands, as the profession is fastened to the wage level set by the unions. Structural unemployment occurs when there are more job seekers than available jobs due to a mismatch between skills and location of workers and available jobs. It's a long-term and "permanent" type of unemployment that improves over time. Technological advancements often lead to this type of unemployment, creating an oversupply of workers with certain skills and a lack of demand for those skills. (unknown, N.D) According to Josephson (2023), unions serve as a proposition to establish workers and also have unique traditions that can be adapted by the union and by region. For illustration, while both the Teamsters and educators may be unionised, their union encounters would have distinct developments and sounds. The inaccessible customs of some unions can make it complicated for outsiders. The closed principles and intense sensation of commonality among union members can also indicate them to guard one alternative from inspection or hide member wrongful conduct.

The most important difficulty of unions is that they can make it difficult for exceptional employees to be recognized and compensated accordingly as they are part of the collective group. (unknown,2024) While collective bargaining can lead to increased wages for employees, it also results in higher costs for businesses. These increased costs are often passed on to consumers, which can exacerbate the ongoing cost of living crisis in New Zealand. This can create a cycle of increasing costs that ultimately require workers to demand higher wages. (Unknown, 2024)

On the other hand, when it comes to wages Blanchflower (2003) asserted that the intensity of union domination power differs in the sensitivity of wages to the pressure for structured labour. They observed that regions where occupation is less approachable to wage modifications, such as air transport, are where unions can advance considerably. The more advanced the percentage of organised workers, the higher the degree of difference. Establishing 10% of the blue-collar producing workforce leads to a 1.5% boost in union wages. The wages of non-union employees are not impacted by the proportion of coordinated operatives.

Based on a survey conducted, Gibson (2024), states it was found that union members have been more successful in securing their employment terms and conditions. They have a 20% higher likelihood of reporting a pay rise in the past year compared to nonunion workers.

References Armantier, O. (2021). How economic crises affect inflation beliefs: Evidence from the Covid-19 pandemic Journal of Economic Behaviour and Organisation 189 (2021)443-469 Blanchflower, D (2003). WHAT EFFECT DO UNIONS HAVE ON WAGES NOW AND WOULD 'WHAT DO UNIONS DO?' BE SURPRISED? Retrieved from https://www.nber.org/papers/w9973 Cassidy, H. (2020). THE ADVERSE EFFECT OF THE COVID-19 LABOR MARKET SHOCK ON IMMIGRANT EMPLOYMENT retrieved from https://www.nber.org/papers/w27243 Gibson, G . (2024) Newshub. New Zealand Council of Trade Unions Survey. Kiwis concerned about employment rights, income under new government retrieved from newshub.co.nz Habibi, Zohal, Hamed Habibi, and Mohammad Aqa Mohammadi. 2022. The Potential Impact of COVID-19 on the Chinese GDP, Trade, and Economy. Economies 10: 73. https://doi.org/10.3390/ economies10040073 Academic Editor: Ralf Josephson, A. (2023) The Pros and Cons of Unions retrieved from https://smartasset.com/career/the-pros-and-cons-of-unions Pettinger, T...(2022) To what extent did Covid cause inflation? Retrieved from https://www.economicshelp.org/blog/169072/economics/to-what-extent-did-covid-cause-inflation/ Unknown,2023. Rebuilding the economy Retrieved from https://assets.nationbuilder.com/nationalparty/pages/18407/attachments/original/1695337176/Rebuilding_the_economy.pdf?1695337176 Unknown, 2024. What Are the Pros and Cons of Labor Unions? Retrieved from https://online.maryville.edu/blog/pros-and-cons-of-unions/ Unknown, N.D. reasons for unemployment retrieved from https://socialsci.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Economics/Economics_(Boundless)/22.%3A_Unemployment/22.3%3A_Understanding_Unemployment

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What are the barriers to consumers purchasing green fashion? The world is shifting towards presenting more eco-friendly elements in services, products produced, and administrations. In any instance, according to the consumer viewpoint, there are barricades to participating in this new dominion of buying items. This missive will discuss the obstacles that customers face in this record. Prepared by Group 67 Sindy Ensor

1. Introduction In recent years businesses have been faced with a societal shift towards more eco-friendly, sustainable products. The global entrepreneurship system and the marketplaces it incorporates are the source of numerous sustainability issues, such as rising discrimination, oppression of the workforce, and numerous ecological issues. They also produce the probabilities necessary for the realization of a persistent proposal. Without businesses making the effort to change, the business reputation is being impacted by increased knowledge of the consumer of what goes into the manufacturer and even what is involved in the final product. Long (2020). While businesses have been slowly making the shift towards a more sustainable future, consumers have not been necessarily as quick to take up the eco-friendlier approach to products. The modern customer insists that corporation's function in a more ecologically friendly manner. But as the ecosphere develops a greener approach, it doesn't necessarily translate into improved consumption at the register. The purpose of this review is to determine the barriers customers are facing preventing them from up-ticking more sustainable products.

2. The Research Question Given that the researcher has performed in the trades/ sales commerce for more than 20 years, the study question is established on learning that the investigator already acquired. in contrast to, for example, an investigator who was just beginning to research the ins and outs of sales. They wouldn't be as informed about the processes involved in sales inside as I am. It's thought that investigating whether an invention is ecologically friendly or not is disadvantaged by a lack of aforementioned understanding in the field. (Cummings & Browner & Hulley 2007). Assessing the magnitude of the query being delivered. It needs to be assessed as to what is the foremost object, what is the foundation and what is the framework for which the research will be carried out. These are the essential elements to be decided before delving into the connection between a model and an approach. (Štefan & Branislav 2020). In this respect of the topic being covered, the mode model being covered will be mode 3. Which is more focused on the mode 3 level of research. Which is looking at a more socially focussed impact of the result. The research being carried out. It is looking at the bigger overall picture, it is looking at the border impacts of producing and bringing an eco-friendly sustainable product to market. Also, existing knowledge evaluation within the construction of the research and systems theory has advantages from conceptual returns. Models like the information-founded economy, knowledge-grounded society, and data-based democratic state emphasize how essential information is to understanding the mechanisms of established civilizations. (Carayannis & Campbell & Rehman 2016) While considering how to formulate the study question. Significance must be given to the hypothesis. The cosmos's truthfulness. Where will you be examining the study's focus general population and what topic will be investigated and explored? in difference to the study's literal assumptions? What controls are indicated to influence the consequence of the conclusions, how was the study regulated, and what is the invited experiment selection? To the real inspection, the real study interviewees, and the real measurements in place (Cummings & Browner & Hulley 2007). The viability of the investigation must be taken into account as a factor when choosing the research question. Is it possible to complete this examination in the assigned time to be able to turn in the assignment? Is the exploration being performed in an area that attracts the researcher? This will facilitate the scholar to preserve inspiration and complete the task at hand. Was the study which was carried out in an ethically upright way? Furthermore, I would ponder whether the investigation substance accumulated had any prospective value to the general study matter. (Ratan & Rnand & Ratan 2019) To provide a review question, Streefkerk (2019) utilises the subjective approach for examination making it more straightforward for the specialist to observe definite thoughts on points that are not entirely questioned. Generally utilized qualitative approaches include open-ended conversation questions, observations authored by commentary, and source analyses that examine numerous assumptions and principles. He continues by discussing quantitative investigation, noting that Streefkerk (2019) defends that this type of inquiry can be managed to determine approximately relevant bits of intelligence concerning a topic. Experiments, numerical assessments, and closed-ended matters are examples of universal quantitative methods. From the inquiries, the difficulties faced by corporations were able to be accessed.

3. Justification Research is important in a business as it is an apparatus for awareness construction, and it is a learning acceleration. It acts as a tool for the levitation of public consciousness and creates an empathetic view for apprehensions raised. It simplifies our saleable success. It facilitates us to maintain accuracy and contradict lies. It's a manner to position, evaluate, and take benefit of chances. Zarah (2023). Through research, the business can address issues raised and make appropriate decisions needed to progress the business.

4. The review Hindy (2020) found that eighty-three per cent of Indians were concerned about the environment, according to a 2011 poll. But considering that. Environmentally friendly products account for a very modest portion of worldwide revenues. There has been a decline in green sales. Research has been done on the perceived relationship between consumer individual behaviours and the effect on their consumption of green products. One such research, an opinion poll was sent out of which 582 were collected and 568 were usable. 69 per cent were women and 31 per cent were male. Yang (2017) found that clients believed in eco-green products. That didn't essentially mean the consumer would go out and acquire green inventions. Yang (2021). Potaine (2014) talks about a poll which was carried out in which consumers in the vicinity of two retail centres participated in a poll. It was found that while there has been concern for the environment and a global understanding of the detrimental effects of products on the planet Earth, it has been found. The sales in the till are not reflecting this worry. For the businesses that prioritize sustainability and environmental friendliness.
   Yang contends thus that they are expected to have adequate product familiarity and brand name knowledge about the product. To buy that specific made great versus an elective one-of-a-kind or alternative offering product. Yang (2017) proceeds to explicit that individuals would in conventional be further biased to go towards going with the dependable item, yet it didn't have the indistinguishable eco-naturally approachable provisions. As they straightforwardly know not anything about the eco-compliant item on offer. They don't have a clue about the improvements of this item. Potaine (2014) states a green item is somewhat made from recycled resources and is indicated as non-detrimental, natural, non-toxic to the ecology, and having reasonably no bundling encompassing the item. It was shown that there was little connection between the inherent way of conducting yourself when a purchase is made and the concerned environment. This was further to the fact that they knew more about that merchandise than distinguished the eco-friendlier inventions. Yang (2017) believed the eco-friendly product to be of higher quality than a standard product and as such the price would be higher. The consumer was also greatly concerned with the perceived correlation between the country of origin. if the customer doesn't have enough brand knowledge, they will be more concerned with the perceived association with the country of origin Than they were if the product is green-friendly or not. Yang (2017). Sheth (2020) states research has indicated that a growing number of individuals globally are becoming more environmentally conscious. The rise in demand for products that are safer for the environment has been correlated. As a result, businesses have seen changes in their communication and manufacturing processes. Sheth (2020) talks about the obstacles that prevent consumers from buying green items. The barriers that were in place for the customer varied depending on the product in question. When it came to customer purchasing power, organic food worries about high cost, limited availability, poor promotion, and lack of certification did not translate as strongly as concerns about high-value, high-use items. The decision of the buyer to make a purchase or not was greatly influenced by these problems. surroundings Regardless of the breakthroughs, a huge obstacle to the client's approach to green products is its considerable expenditure. This is an issue that corporations find difficult to pass down costs fundamentally. to fulfil the requirements of the client. to move outside this. It is expressed that promoting the product is the way forward to develop the product and further develop client mindfulness. because the client would assume about their preceding encounters with a product before they enter into a new purchase. For the consumer, there should be informative indications with recognition of the green item. Sheth (2020) As per Magnusson, (2012) factors which keep the buyer from buying green items are Value, Performance, and Behavioral change of the client. Conclusion For a company to remain relevant and satisfy customer needs. The establishment must have a thorough grasp of the clients it is trying to reach with its marketing. A company must understand the precise needs of its customers, how they choose to purchase its products, and the financial impact those purchases will have on the company. Unknown, (n.d). According to Magnusson (2012), if this is done incorrectly, people may believe that the novel idea of fashionable green promotion is irrelevant or even disrespectful. It has been seen that green products were aimed at "Rich snobs" and the Crunchy. To defeat convictions that green items are particular for "Rich showoffs," clientele should be adequately competent about the invention that is being investigated to make an encouraged conviction. A buyer may very well go in an opposing direction to their significant product in the consequence that they have scarcely any expertise with the new item. nevertheless, whether their internal judgments about the fabricated commodities materials conflict with it. Item understanding can equally be developed to persuade the consumer of the significance of the item. At the stage when individuals think manufactured commodities are valued beyond what they are, they will pay for them. Value, excellence, and wealth understanding are the three associations that best illustrate client worth inclination. Appreciation is a significant element taken into allocation while imagining what to buy. Fernández and Iniesta-Bonillo (2007)

5. Reference list Bonni, S., & Oppenhein, J. (2008). Cultivating the green consumer. Standford social innovation review. Standford graduate school of business Carayannis .S., &Campbell, D., Rehman. S. (2016) Mode 3 knowledge production: systems and systems theory, clusters and networks. Carayannis et al. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship (2016) 5:17 DOI 10.1186/s13731-016-0045-9 Cummings,S., & Browner, W., & Hulley S. (2007) retrieved from https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/document?repid=rep1&type=pdf&doi=66ef4647304b7416260cc039231a1d5b530c7caf Fernández, F., & Iniesta-Bonillo , A . (2007). The concept of perceived value: a systematic review of the research. Sage publications retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/237937875_The_concept_of_perceived_value_A_systematic_review_of_the_research Khaola,P ., & Potiane, B., & Mokehethi, M .(2014). Environmental concern attitude towards green products and green purchase intentions of consumers in Lesotho Laheri,V.(2020). The moderating effect of Facilitators and Barriers to purchase of Green Products in India Long, T. (2020) Sustainable Business Strategy Decent Work and Economic Growth. Encyclopaedia of the UN Sustainable Development Goals. Publisher: Springer, Cham retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/332414437_Sustainable_Business_Strategy Magnusson, M. (2012). The Sustainable Business Case Book. Saylor Foundation. University of New Hampshire. Michael Merenda, Whittemore School of Business Ratan,S., & Anand, T., Ratan,J.(2019) Formulation of Research Question - Stepwise Approach .Journal of Indian Association of Paediatric Surgeons. Jan-Mar; 24(1): 15-20. Doi: 10.4103/jiaps.JIAPS_76_18 Štefan,S.,& Branislav, Z (2020). Relationship between Business Strategy and Business Model Studied in a Sample of Service Companies. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/314782538_Relationship_between_Business_Strategy_and_Business_Model_Studied_in_a_Sample_of_Service_Companies Sherith.(2020). Sustainable marketing: market driving, not market driven .journal of Micromarketing Streefkerk. (2019). Qualitative vs. Quantitative Research | Differences, Examples & Methods. Retrieved from https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/qualitative-quantitative-research/ Unknown, (n.d). What your customers want and how they think retrieved from https://www.business.govt.nz/business-performance/marketing-strategy/what-your-customers-want-and-how-they-think/ Yang, Y. (2017). Consumer behaviour towards green products. Journal of Economics. Business and management, Vol .5, No. 4. Zarah, L. (2023) 7 Reasons Why Research Is Important retrieved from https://owlcation.com/academia/Why-Research-is-Important-Within-and-Beyond-the-Academe.

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• Executive Summary The enlargement of Bartercard's corporate presence is a significant challenge that Bartercard is presently contending with. Notwithstanding its profound outlook in the financial sphere. The corporation has only managed to accommodate 34,000 customers across the eight domains. It is suggested that the strategy to overcome these challenges is to adhere to the social media community. There are many advantages to the enterprise of commencing a social media approach. One of which is the corporation can remake the fundamental perspectives and attitudes that have previously been recognized in connection with an identifiable invention. Furthermore, the establishment can initiate and enlarge an exceptional market segment, distributing recognition about topics and boosting any freshly amplified products using unique events and alike. Relic (2023). Social media endeavours will be discussed further in the document To endure to be modern with the latest technological growth and remain pertinent in the 21st century. It is acclaimed that enterprises ponder operating on social media platforms. Employing separation techniques and harnessing algorithms. They can efficiently associate with prospective clients. This approach will not only increase brand consciousness but also appeal to new consumers to intermingle with the establishment. Notwithstanding its established existence, the corporation presently only retains a patron ground of merely 34,000 emphasizing the requirement for intensified prominence

• The Business Challenge Following the first part of the marketing plan. The examination that Bartercard is confronting is progressing the corporate standing in the local domestic and international markets. Even though the corporation has a well-established standing in the financial sector. With only 34,000 consumers distributed across eight territories. It is yet not notable and comprehended regarding what detail its proposals to the client. Relic, (2023) • The business strategy Over the years several analyses have been conducted to acknowledge that brands can realize the returns of embarking on social media promotion. Through this procedure of enterprise, the corporation can enhance client intimacy, and confidence and conclude an evident objective of the client acquiring intention. This will contribute to a correlation of equity. A simultaneous symbiosis, value equity, a together relationship.(Zollo, Filieri, Rialti, Yoon 2020)

o The offering The offering that is being recommended here, is to start marketing the business to the greater public using social media. The values of the presentation of the product to the consumer. The business will be able to provide ultimate evidence about the corporation, such as the communication phone number or even the website address. Bartercard will be able to create a "brand experience" where the discrete and biased reactions that clientele have to traits are associated with a product. If the reaction is positively charged or destructive. Because damaging criticisms of a corporation can intermittently be optimistic. Since the corporation is a concern of debate. Rumour of it is commencing to circulate. These consequences occur when clients are acquainted with the brand name and may incorporate sensory, sensitive, intellectual, and behavioural considerations. (Zollo, Filieri, Rialti, Yoon 2020) The corporate will be able to renovate grassroots perspectives and judgments already documented about a distinct creation, the business will be able to establish and grow a further niche, disseminating material about a societal problem, and endorsing any new potentially developed products using special events and alike. Relic (2023). According to an investigation piloted by Convince and Convert, incorporating a well-planned and translucent social media approach can significantly manipulate the enthusiasm of clients towards a brand name. The analysis was conducted in America and surveyed that 53% of Americans who examine products on social media are more inclined to be more faithful in the sustained term to those brands. Demyers (2014) o The communication plans Create an approach for promotion that makes use of channels like social media. This permits businesses to arrive at a more prominent marketplace, locally and internationally in one dip. At present, we are in the advanced digital age. where the customer can immediately and simply retrieve knowledge. On the other hand, data is conveyed straightforwardly to the shopper using direct marketing promoting or through the utilization of PC calculations, and algorithms. information is continually being conveyed to the purchaser, that advertising should be distinct and innovative to break through all the noise and all the clamour to reach the intended audience

Utilizing social media platforms permits the corporation to triumph on several fronts, not exclusively by engaging with additional clients and progressing revenue. The corporation has the purpose of progressing its status. Using social media. There is also the ability to ascertain modernisation-associated advantages, using enhanced customer consideration and an intensified level of patron support. All with bring diminished time of getting the product to market. (Jussila, Harkkain, Leino 2014)

The corporation can participate in dialogue with its supporters. Enhance customer contentment. Given that you can connect with your client more directly. Strengthen conversion rates and sales. as you'll be able to develop your corporation. The corporation will have the prospect of becoming recognized as a leader in its commerce. In the industry right now, Bartercard has a competitive edge. But nobody is aware of its presence. Consequently, ignorance eliminates that competitive advantage. The corporation will have the capacity to place its concentration on communication to transport new clientele in. unknown (2023).

The corporation will be able to maximize its existence on search engine results pages. When a phrase is explored, your probability of transforming the result is improved the more elevated you are on the page. The corporation will be able to swell website traffic flow by utilizing platforms like social media. Furthermore, the enterprise will be able to draw in talent of an improved calibre. The corporation's return on investment will be maximized. They'll be able to recapture clients that they once lost. The enterprise will be able to get precious audience information. Through the likes of data mining. Social media will illustrate, the clientele's age, sex, and demographics. Bartercard will be able to more efficiently target its prospective patrons with this information. Form tactical alliances with other corporations or social media influencers. The corporation will be able to strengthen the product's brand recognition. The enterprise will be able to stay up to date with commerce progressions. as quickly as the world is progressing. using platforms such as social media. The firm can immediately stay up to date on new intelligence. Since it is continuously renewed, in both the public and commercial sectors. Unknown (2022)

If a company fails to utilize the likes of social media in the modern age, it is professed as abandoning the requirements of its clients and accepting the patrons of the digital world. Inhabitants nowadays conduct more demanding lives increasingly than ever before, as such they are becoming more intensely dependent on online platforms for entertainment and gaining access to intelligence that accommodates their requirements. This shift in customer behaviour accentuates the magnitude of businesses adjusting to meet the pressures of their clientele, even if it indicates obtaining communications at unconventional hours like 2 am. Granting the customer may and undoubtedly won't receive a reaction at such a late hour. The existence of such a transmission channel permits clients to investigate the corporation at their convenience. Consequently, if a corporation does not incorporate digital platforms for entertainment and transmission intention. The patron perceives the business as non-functional, outdated and unable to meet their requirements and will continue to look for a business that meets those needs o Distribution With algorithms, which is a model of division. Content is well-ordered in a client's feed by computations on what would be of interest to the consumer. It is a common assertion that Facebook engages in ears dropping on individuals. This acceptance surfaces when users explore for peculiar merchandise on the internet, merely to discover it emerges abruptly thereafter on Facebook. Nevertheless, this phenomenon can be attributed to processes such as cookies, which conclude information about a person's electronic explorations and website visits. Since there is considerable data obtainable, societies use this technique to rate the content bestowing many conditions that they consider a patron would find stimulating. The objective of an algorithm is to exclude inappropriate or poor poor-second-rate paraphernalia. Should the subject matter not be up to par, it can get suppressed or be eliminated further down from feeds. O'Brien (2023)

Another kind of division is that when the investigation is exhausted, the corporation will undoubtedly recognize its clientele. It will distinguish the average client's age and sex. A comparative evaluation can be carried out by examining the influences because people from various nationalities procure the way they do. Also, through directing motivation analyses can be carried out. One can opt to focus on a particular target group. Zhang (2007). The enterprise can identify who and where they judge the promotion should be directed when publishing an electronic entertainment publication. By acquiring these statistics and executing an accurate assessment, the firm may demonstrate to clients the evidence is significant to them. The business industry is still encountering hindrances in dividing their intended audience in the realm of social media. These hindrances involved the integration of the company database and the lack of analytical skills in the workplace to understand the information that is gathered. Further upskilling is a possibility in the workplace to undertake this strategy (Canhoto, Clark, Fennemore 2013)

• Conclusion To keep up with the demands of the digital era and stay relevant in the 21st century, the company should consider utilizing social media channels. By doing so, they can effectively target potential clients through segmentation and the use of algorithms. This will not only increase brand recognition, but it will also attract new customers to the business. Despite being around for an extended period, the company still has a meagre clientele of only 34,000 people, indicating a need for greater visibility and outreach. Therefore, it is recommended that the company invest in social media marketing to improve its brand recognition and expand its customer base. .References Canhoto, A & Clark, M & Fennemore, P (2013)., Emerging segmentation practices in the age of the social customer Pages 413-428 | Received 01 Mar 2013, Accepted 20 Jun 2013, Published online: 04 Jul 2013 retrieved from https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0965254X.2013.801609 Demyers, J ( 2014). The Top 10 Benefits of Social Media Marketing The Top 10 Benefits Of Social Media Marketing Forbes. retrieved from https://archive.newportbeachlibrary.org/NBPL/0/edoc/777341/9102015%20-
Jussila, J & Harkkainen, H & Leino, M (2014) ., Benefits of social media in business to- business customer interface in innovation retrieved from
https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1145/2181037.2181065 O'Brien, C (2023). How Do Social Media Algorithms Work? Retrieved from
https://digitalmarketinginstitute.com/blog/how-do-social-media-algorithms-work Relic, J. (2023) Benefits of Advertising retrieved from https://www.designrush.com/agency/ad-agencies/trends/benefits-of-advertising Unknown, (2022). 15 benefits of social media marketing retrieved from
https://business.adobe.com/blog/basics/smm-benefits Zhang, J (2007). Tourist motivation, market segmentation and marketing strategies 5th Bi-Annual Symposium of the International Society of Culture, Tourism, and Hospitality Research" June 4-6, 2007, Charleston, South Carolina, USA retrieved from https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/document?repid=rep1&type=pdf&doi=c83405a3f476d 0c7182fc7a7fecc77d24c5d0469 Zollo, L. & Filieri, R. & Rialti, R. & Yoon, S., (2020) Unpacking the relationship between
social media marketing and brand equity: The mediating role of consumers' benefits
and experience. Journal of Business Research journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jbusres

What are the barriers to consumers purchasing green fashion? Prepared by Group 67 Sindy Ensor 5 questions related to the research question. Explain how a theory informs each question and your reason for asking. • Is it a substantial part of the decision-making procedure to you as a consumer, whether the manufactured goods were generated using an ecologically pleasant procedure? How does this influence your decision-making process? To choose the right research methodology, we need to consider the type of investigation being conducted. In these circumstances, an experimental research design is most applicable as it can determine an apparent cause-and-effect relationship. The goal is to determine the influence of incorporating eco-friendly practices into a product on consumer buying behaviour. (Sharma, 2019) • Do you have access to an adequate amount of knowledge about a merchandise's history when making purchases or do you feel it is a necessity to conduct additional research? If you do need to perform a surplus investigation, what individual approaches do you use to collect the intelligence needed to make an informed decision? What is the information you are exploring when conducting this research? It is important when conducting research to decide between quantitative or qualitative research methods when investigating. For a thorough comprehension and proposal initiation, the utilization of qualitative research procedures by mustering and scrutinising non-numerical data such as transcript, audiovisual, or auditory. (Bhandari., 2020) • Does the pricing of products impact your decision when choosing one product over another? Are you willing to pay a premium for what is considered more eco-friendly products that are assembled in an ecological process? Provided that you were knowledgeable that these manufactured goods were fabricated with the natural environment in consideration. Sustaining the accuracy and consistency of data is essential for the study. According to Sürücü (2020), validity analyses whether an evaluating apparatus precisely reviews the expected performance or attribute, demonstrating its productivity in executing its purpose. Furthermore, Sürücü portrays reliability as the dependability of the evaluated assessments achieved through repetitive competence using the same evaluating device under duplicate circumstances. • What modifications would you as the consumer demand to be implemented in the creation marketplace for you to opt for that invention instead of a less environmentally friendly product? When creating a questionnaire, it is essential to deliberate the literacy level of the contributors. If the inquiries are not easily recognized, the resolution of asking them is defeated. Perfetti (2007) states that using precise spelling and pronunciation, as well as modifying interpretations of meanings, results in high-quality wording, accelerating quick and reliable understanding. Contrarywise, inadequate analyses can limit the proficiency to comprehend words. Therefore, inquiries should use clear, concise, and straightforward language that applies to the cultural diversity of New Zealand. Extreme caution should be implemented when asking questions to avoid triggering offence, prejudice, or bias towards a specific perspective. During the study design phase, it is essential to regulate risks by distinguishing and minimalizing hypothetical harm or risk to contributors. Furthermore, it is important to establish whether it is essential to recognize participants, predominantly in face-to-face communications. Since nonverbal communication makes up 70 to 93 per cent of all communication, body language, tone, and context are crucial factors to consider during face-to-face interactions. According to Martin (2023), body language can convey legitimate sentiments that voiced communication may not. Nonetheless, when conducting the inquiry form via email, the implication of knowing the respondent's identity may be diminished as with the communication level as there is no confidence that the envisioned individual is the one who is providing the answers. • Would you be willing to pay more for a sustainable product vs the same product produced in eco-friendly ways • What are your concerns with buying non-sustainable products? • What makes you want to purchase eco-friendly products? It is necessary to guarantee that research reactions are not inaccurate or contaminated. Face-to-face interviews are preferable because the interviewer can verify the identity of the respondent. However, when conducting phone interviews, there is a possibility that someone other than the intended respondent may answer. Similarly, with email interviews, it is impossible to verify the identity of the person responding, which can potentially lead to inaccurate results. Juillion (2019) argues when achieving experimentations using small samples in the discipline of research. the insertion of foreign information inadvertently can have a substantial influence on the accuracy of the conclusions obtained. 3. Predict and state the possible range of responses from interviewees, based on literature, to understand the problem better. According to Suki (2014) in recent years, there has been an increase in consumer environmental concern as people shift towards environmentally friendly products and services and change their purchasing behaviour to become more eco-friendly the consumers have developed more conscious of the honourable consequences of their acquisitions. They no longer establish their procurement assessments solely on whether they like manufactured goods or not. Instead of contemplating only the creation, they also deliberate the location and conditions of the invention. The consumer can be anxious about whether the product was manufactured in a sweatshop where women and children work tirelessly for little pay. These ethical consequences have become fundamental in the procurement procedure for people. Suki (2014) goes on to say that earlier research has investigated the acquisition of green products in numerous parts of the planet. One such study investigated the feelings of Korean motorists towards purchasing hybrid cars. They observed that the motorists' bias to seek out intelligence about green products, the apparent social value of acquiring a hybrid automobile, and whether the acquisition supported their self-image all participated in a role in their conclusion to purchase. According to Laroche, (2001), the ecological challenges we face today are serious. They also indicated that conglomerates are not operating sensibly towards the natural environment. Surviving ecologically conscious is essential and not problematic. They also value security and warm interactions with others. Furthermore, they take environmental concerns into factor when managing an acquisition. Plastics have become a foremost problem due to their impact on the natural environment. Governments are prohibiting increasingly plastic merchandise but many fashion items still inhibit plastics that end up in the ocean. Microplastics are distributed from fine particles from within this merchandise when cleaned and can be recovered in fish and humans. Researchers found tiny plastic particles inside living human beings in two new places inside the human body: deep inside the lungs and in the blood. These atoms are so trivial that they can pass deep inside the body and even inside cells. (unknown, 2023). Blackburn (2021) states that microplastic contamination appears universally in both marine and earthly circumstances. It has been discovered in numerous foundations such as water, sediments, organisms, and the atmosphere. Exposure to it can have harmful effects on both living entities and plant life. Contemporary investigations propose that individuals are constantly subjected to microplastics during the consumption of food, drink, and inhalation. Oppenheim (2008) states customers are informed of the issue of climate change. They recognise that decreasing their greenhouse gas manufacture can gather assistance in the fight against climate change and intend to be involved in this effort. Conversely, these experiments also uncover that consumers are sceptical of what method to act on their ecologically sentient instincts. More than a third of the buyers in this research communicated a request to take charge when opposed to climate change, but they do not comprehend where to commence. Cost plays a vital role in obtaining ecological products in the marketplace. Now there is still little demand for eco-friendly products. When an item has low demand, reducing its price will not increase sales and might even result in losses for companies. (unknown, N.D) Purchasers are frequently inclined to pay an elevated premium for eco-friendly products compared to their colleagues who do not use eco-friendly developments. However, buyers need to comprehend the justification behind the excessive cost and feel that they are participating towards a beneficial cause. The excessive cost is also correlated with better quality, and clients need to feel that they are obtaining an exceptional quality product. Suki (2014) argues in an alternative study of Taiwanese purchasers, it was detected that elder consumers viewed green products as having a higher quality, and their environmentally friendly consumption behaviour could contribute to the improvement of environmental quality. Frequently, ecological products are more expensive compared to the more typical products due to extraordinary manufacturing costs and expensive raw resources. (unknown, N.D). According to Barbarossa (2014), it is believed that consumers feel a moral obligation in the acquisition of green commodities. This acknowledgement refers to a subjective internal state that influences the magnitude to which a particular person feels accountable to act honourably when facing an ethical situation. He goes on to voice interpreting green consumerism as purchasing performances are based on assessments of what is right or wrong. Purchasers may embrace eco-friendly principles because they consider it to be the moral thing to do, and breaking these principles is fundamentally unsuitable. Oppenheim (2008) indicates that clients want to be ecologically accountable, nonetheless, they assume corporations head the approach. A global survey which he conducted, found that 61 per cent of customers think that companies should take the lead in adopting the issue of climate change. To do so, corporations ought to focus on acquiring additional eco-friendly products. Nonetheless, a Climate Group investigation observed that although some corporations have at present begun to do so, they are not executing a competent job of promoting their green products. The conclusions also showed that two-thirds of American and British customers are not capable of identifying a green brand name. 4. Identify and justify your choice of the interviewees to be targeted (those who would be included as participants of the research. Asiamah (2017) states researchers are necessitated to have a systematic grasp of the inhabitants they are investigating and should undoubtedly and concisely outline it through the exploration documents process. The magnitude of appropriately characterising or identifying the inhabitants cannot be exaggerated, as it helps others to calculate the dependability of the sample, sampling technique(s), and investigation outcomes. In this instance, the business is a fashion fabricator targeting teenagers through to their 20s, with a spotlight on females. The retailer is in Albany, Auckland, and as such, the foremost direct audience will be women in that age group contained by the surrounding areas of Glenfield, Long Bay, Brown Bay, Torbay, and Takapuna. Face-to-face meetings will be performed to gather information. Albany is the prime clothes shopping mall on the North Shore of Auckland, and citizens from all over the area journey there, compelling it to an excellent location area to acquire the target market. 5. Estimate the total time required to conduct all the individual interviews in a real-world setting. Also include your time spent writing the interview questions, the time needed to find suitable interviewees, and any travel time (if done in person). It is critical to perform investigation thought face to face-to-face interactions, even if it may add more expenditure due to the supplementary time involved. There are numerous advantages to conducting research in a face-to-face interaction. The researcher will have greater control and the ability to fully utilize nonverbal communication channels. This way the researcher can guarantee that they fully comprehend the answers being given, also the investigator will be able to shed light on any confusion that which the respondent might have. Overall, investigating through face-to-face communication delivers a more systematic and accurate result. The questioner can push subjects to delve deeper into their answers. Using face-to-face interactions, the investigator will supply higher quality evidence with extraordinary response rates that will allow for the research results to be better equipped for complicated circumstances. (Unknown, N.D) One of the drawbacks of operating face-to-face cross-examines is the likelihood of researcher bias. Since the investigator is liable for recording reactions and asking questions, their tone and expression can impact the type of reactions presented by the interviewee. (Unknown, N.D). For this investigation strategy, we plan to gather data from a group of three hundred females. To find contributors, we will first communicate with customers in the store's database and ask if they are interested in taking part. If we do not get an adequate number of participants, we will turn to the research company's database. We will invite those who fit the conditions via email and allow 2 to 3 weeks to gather enough applicants. With a sizeable group of participants, we prospect to get an expansive range of responses and the best possible response. Each interview will take 15 minutes, and we plan to have 5 interviewers who will be able to carry out 4 interviews per hour. The entire process will take 15 hours over 2 days. From this, a report will be created with the correlated answers. With the total turnaround time being a month to produce the final result. References Asiamah, N (2017). General, Target, and Accessible Population: Demystifying the Concepts for Effective Sampling retrieved from https://repository.essex.ac.uk/32313/ Blackburn, K . (2021). The potential effects of microplastics on human health: What is known and what is unknown. Ambio 2022, 51:518-530 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-021-01589-9 Bhandari, P. (2020). What Is Qualitative Research? | Methods & Examples retrieved from https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/qualitative-research/ Charles Perfetti (2007) Reading Ability: Lexical Quality to Comprehension, Scientific Studies of Reading, 11:4, 357-383, DOI: 10.1080/10888430701530730 Juillion, P. (2019). What is the contamination effect in research? Retrieved from https://studybuff.com/what-is-contamination-effect-in-research/

Laroche, M. (2001) Targeting consumers who are willing to pay more for environmentally friendly products retrieved from https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EUM0000000006155/full/html?fullSc=1&utm_source=TrendMD&utm_medium=cpc&utm_campaign=Journal_of_Economic_Studies_TrendMD_0&WT.mc_id=Emerald_TrendMD_0 Martin, C. (2023). Why is Body Language Important in Communication? Retrieved from https://blog.moderngov.com/why-is-body-language-important-in-communication McDonald, F. (2022). Five steps every researcher should take to ensure participants are not harmed and are fully heard retrieved from https://theconversation.com/five-steps-every-researcher-should-take-to-ensure-participants-are-not-harmed-and-are-fully-heard-191430 Sharma, S. (2019) Experimental and Ex Post Facto Designs retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/333220493_Experimental_and_Ex_Post_Facto_Designs Oppenheim, J (2008). Cultivating the Green Consumer. Standford graduate school of business. Standford Social Innovation Review Sürücü, L. (2020), Validity and Reliability in Quantitative Research Business And Management Studies An International Journal 8(3):2694-2726 DOI:10.15295/BMJ.v8i3.1540 License CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 Suki, N. (2014). Consumer environmental concern and green product purchase in Malaysia: structural effects of consumption values. The journal of cleaner production 132 (2016) 204-214 Unknown, (N.D). Sustainable Products are more Expensive. But how much? Retrieved from https://ecocation.org/why-sustainable-products-are-expensive/ Unknown, (N.D). Microplastics are in our bodies. How much do they harm us? Retrieved from https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/article/microplastics-are-in-our-bodies-how-much-do-they-harm-us Unknown, (N.D). face-to-face interviews retrieved from https://sera.sites.olt.ubc.ca/method/face-to-face-interviews/

• Executive Summary Bartercard is a global online exchange system where industries can barter their goods and services with other businesses. The enterprise's intercontinental existence and large client base highlight its triumph and extend in the corporation world. With being so well recognized in the industry with decades of understanding of how to be an advantage to their customers. The business can be perceived as a market guru within their niche market. However, the business does have a limited consumer base. With being in 8 intercontinental markets. The hypothetical purchaser base is exponential. The business is a very slow burner when it comes to developing new customers and expanding it further. As a financial institution, Bartercard is susceptible to the constantly changing economic landscape. If multiple clients experience financial difficulties, it can negatively impact the company's cash flow. Therefore, it requires the cooperation and assistance of industry partners such as banks, credit bureaus, and collection agencies to help navigate through any potential downturns. Bartercard provides a unique product that enables businesses to access a current customer database for trading. However, to expand its reach and grow its customer base, Bartercard needs to gather and improve a much larger database of new clients. Despite its long history, the company is not well-known and requires increased advertising efforts to increase its visibility. This can be achieved by exploring various channels such as digital marketing, forming new partnerships with other companies, implementing a customer referral program, and investing in paid advertising.

• Introduction Bartercard was founded in 1991 in Gold Coast, Australia by Wayne Sharpe, Brian Hall, and Andrew Federowsky. Currently, Bartercard operates in eight countries, including Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, the United Kingdom, the United States, Thailand, the United Arab Emirates, and Cyprus. The company boasts an estimated 34,000 clients worldwide, with an expected worldwide interchange estimate of $600 million. Unknown (n.d). Bartercard is similar in context to a credit card. The main difference is that it is used solely between businesses. As an alternative form of payment of trade dollars. Hence the name of it being Bartercard. It also opens the business to a world of new customers who use the Bartercard network. Whom you would have not necessarily been able to access, to begin with • Swot analysis o Strength Majeed (2021) argues that competitive advantage is contemplated to be the independent variable, while organizational accomplishment is the dependent variable based on the advantage. You can't have one without the other. Evaluation of the administrative functioning is then centred on its gain of resources and sales growth. There is an instantaneous linear association between competitive advantage and sales advancement. Bartercard can hold a competitive advantage in the marketplace as there isn't an invention like this available to customers, who offer a database of accessible network of potential clients to the business. By having a restricted data bank of accessible customers, you can establish purchaser loyalty. Allegiance is described as the extent to which a consumer continually makes acquisitions from a provider. Bagdoniene, (2009) With a history of over 30 years, this company has proven to be a strong presence in the marketplace. It has beautifully battered the fiscal ups and downs of the preceding three decades, which is a testament to its solidity in the marketplace. Additionally, I have been in business for an extended period. It's easier to temp new customers when you have extended periods of knowledge and can identify your individual customers' requirements. The longer you remain in the industry, there is the additional probability for you to rank yourself as a committed expert in your niche market. Burns (2021) The business is an international brand, with a strong valuable brand. In the present-day work culture, brand names have become a fundamental part of the corporate world. It is a recognised fact that brands help individuals make conclusions, whether substantial or insignificant, by streamlining the procedure. Therefore, they have become a necessary element in the market. Mihajlović1 (2020). By international they have experience dealing with different cultures and working in different environments challenges Even though the brand is international, there is a local head office. With local people many it. By having people from the local community, and country servicing the product. They comprehend the distinctive demands of the New Zealand market. By utilizing locally sourced expertise, the establishment can employ knowledge at every stage, strengthening awareness and scalability, while also developing efficiency and adaptability to approaching modifications. Horberry, (2011) o Weaknesses Although trade dollars are not the official currency of New Zealand, they are still recognized as a form of currency within the country. If the value of the dollar decreases, this may also affect Bartercard. Through losses and gains. But for the clients of Bartercard. For businesses that manufacture more tangible products, the constant variabilities in exchange rates during intercontinental trade can be seen as a danger to exchange. However, this threat can also have an optimistic influence on exports. Merchants who are risk-unenthusiastic will see this situation as an advantage to a more significant condition, and they may commerce more to prevent the probability of a momentous decrease in returns. Mehtiyev ,(2021) For being in 8 countries and being in New Zealand. The business still has a very small database of 34,000 thousand customers. It is not marketed to the wider communities to grow and develop the business. So, people just don't the business is around. o Opportunities With 34,000 customers across 8 countries. In terms of scale, this is still rather small to the number of customers reached. The company currently holds per head of the population. The potential for growth within these markets is experiential. These potential customers can be nationally and internationally It's significant to offer new products, such as green finance, to decrease the adverse impact of individual commercial performance. Supporters convincingly call attention to the magnitude of green finance as a justification measure that can minimize the monetary externalities while still acknowledging substantial economic development. Meo, (2021) o Treats Being similar in context, use to a credit card. The threat to the business is a financial one. The client's ability to pay the bill in front of them. Should enough businesses with the card fail and owe money to Bartercard? This could have a ripple effect on the cash flow of the business. Cybersecurity is a substantial worry for commercial corporations as it poses a danger to their consumer catalogue. These corporations are highly exposed to exterior deception due to the sum of money that charlatans can theoretically acquire, as well as the vulnerable description of the data they comprise, comprising of credit card and individual distinctiveness material. Cybercrime is often executed by outward actors, not just for monetary acquisition, but also to obtain sensitive evidence about persons. • The Market The market that Bartercard operates is the financial market offering customers a product that allows businesses to operate business-to-business • The collaborators The colleagues in this production work hand in hand with Bartercard. Bartercard works with banks to fund and support businesses through any financial situation. Credit check companies cooperate with Bartercard to evaluate the financial outlook of customers. Collection companies partner with Bartercard to gather any remaining outlay owed. Furthermore, the government is also a partner, as it sets the rules by which corporations can function within. • Competitors Other companies can jump on the bandwagon of the concept and develop something similar in nature. • Conclusion Bartercard is a bartering system that has been operating in New Zealand for over 30 years. Despite its long-enduring existence in the nationwide and international market, it has a moderately small client base of around 34,000 in eight territories. Bartercard offers a unique creation that allows business clientele to retrieve the existing customer database for trading. However, to increase its outreach, Bartercard needs to encourage and expand a much more substantial database of new clientele. Notwithstanding its long cycle of existence, the conglomerate is not well-known and commands more marketing endeavours to increase its visibility. Developing the client construct for barter cards can be reached through several channels including digital promotion, associations with other companies, customer referral procedures, and paid publicising. • References Bagdoniene, L (2009)., Business to Business Relationships: The Variables in the Context of Success retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/242719976_Business_to_Business_Relationships_The_Variables_in_the_Context_of_Success Burns, S,(2021)., Longevity in Business: Why It Matters and How to Improve It retrieved from https://www.forbes.com/sites/stephanieburns/2021/11/01/longevity-in-business-why-it-matters-and-how-to-improve-it/?sh=69e5b1fd3b3c Horberry, R, (2021) ., 4 ways local knowledge benefits business retrieved from https://blog.gwi.com/marketing/4-ways-local-knowledge-benefits-businesses/ Majeed, S (2011)., The Impact of Competitive Advantage on Organizational Performance European Journal of Business and Management www.iiste.org ISSN 2222-1905 (Paper) ISSN 2222-2839 (Online) Vol 3, No.4, 2011 retrieved from https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/234624059.pdf Mehtiyev,j (2021)., Exchange rate impacts on international trade retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/357591671_Exchange_rate_impacts_on_international_trade Meo,M(2021)., The role of green finance in reducing CO2 emissions: An empirical analysis Borsa _ Istanbul Review Borsa _ Istanbul Review 22-1 (2022) 169e178 http://www.elsevier.com/journals/borsa-istanbul-review/2214-8450 Mihajlović1, L, (2020)., BRANDING AND BRAND MANAGEMENT IN INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS (JPMNT) Journal of Process Management - New Technologies, International Vol. 8, No 2, 2020. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/341470997_Branding_and_brand_management_in_international_business/link/5ec339a4a6fdcc90d68261aa/download Unknown, (n.d)., Bartercard retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bartercard

More true tales of Thames. Date 2020. By Coromandel Heritage Trust, issuing body. Identifier ISBN 9780473517397 paperback Summary "A collection of true stories brought together from many contributors with a link to this area. It is a fascinating collection of tales, history and photographs which reflect and provide a valuable record of the 'way we were and are' in this special part of the Coromandel Peninsula, New Zealand"-Back cover.

Notes Machine-generated: Foreword / Russell Skeet - Background - The Coromandel Heritage Trust; Coromandel Town History Research Group - Introduction / Anne Stewart Ball - Map of the Thames Ward / David Wilton - 100 Years Ago at the Thames School of Mines / Vernal John Daily - A Fisherman's Family in the 50s / Dennis Reddish - A Passion for Music / Geraldine Dunwoodie - A Teacher at Thames South 1957-1961 / Bill Chote - A True Tale of Education / Anne Stewart Ball - Adopted / Lynnette Hanson Munn - Poem - In My Mother's Arms / Lynnette Hanson Munn - An Insider Outsider Boy in 1950s Thames / Richard Wilkins - An Old Battery Building up the Moanataiari / Russell Skeet - Auntie Cath and the Fire Bell / David Wilton - Beginnings / Morrie Dunwoodie - Carson's Bookshop during the '70s / Sandy Lautenbach - Celebrations at the Tararu District Homes / Elva Parry - Effie Donnelly - Thames' Kauri Camerawoman / David Wilton - Poem - Queen of the Gulf / Althea Loveday - Eureka Mining Settlement & the Ross Residence / David Wilton - Feeling Good From Canton to Thames Revised, Part I / Geraldine Dunwoodie - From Canton to Thames Revised, Part II / Jen Yuen - Making Their Mark / Jen Yuen - Hoane Nahe, Historian and Politician / Geraldine Dunwoodie - Hobart Town Jack / Meghan Hawkes - John Grigg, Leading Amateur Astronomer Pt I / Geraldine Dunwoodie - John Grigg, Leading Amateur Astronomer Pt II / Geraldine Dunwoodie - Kura Ensor, Fashion Designer / Sindy Ensor - Lena Kenrick, Boer War Teacher / Geraldine Dunwoodie - Poem - Our Car / Dawn Keith - Looking Back, Part I / Madge Sutton - Looking Back, Part II / Madge Sutton - Mackay's Private Water Supply / David Wilton - Poem - Thames Transport - My Early Life - Richard Ross to Norma Hansen / Richard Wilkins - Old Time Dancing / Sandy Lautenbach - Penfriends / Lynnette Hanson Munn - Richard Bach and the Gymnotus / Roger Strong - Robert Clementson / Toss Hammond - Robert Graham of Grahamstown Thames, Part I / Maureen Burr - -- Robert Graham of Grahamstown Thames, Part II / Maureen Burr - Poem - Transport in Thames / Jeannie Christie - Saint George's Anglican Church / Mery Tilsley - Slabs & Sawdust / Toss Hammond - The Boer War Rifles / Geraldine Dunwoodie - Poem - Getting Around / Christine Mathews - The Carnegie Building / Geraldine Dunwoodie - The Circus had Come to Town / Sandy Lautenbach - The Golden Thames / Geraldine Dunwoodie - The Great Flood in the Year 1883 / T W Scott - Making Their Mark - The Original Road Bridge Over the Kauaeranga River / David Wilton - The Territorial Force in Thames The Thames Ensors / Russell Skeet - Poem - Visiting Grandmother / Judy Miller - The Unfortunate Edward Clarke / Meghan Hawkes - Treasure Hunting - Part 1 / Pauline Stammers - Treasure Hunting - Part 2 / Pauline Stammers - Tudor Collins - Bush Photographer / Geraldine Dunwoodie.

Publisher [Thames] : The Coromandel Heritage Trust, 2020. Format x, 168 pages : illustrations (some colour) ; 30 cm

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